Diet composition recommended for diabetes patients
Proteins
It is recommended that protein intake accounts for 15 to 20% of total daily calories consumed in all populations. The same recommendations go for patients with diabetes. If the kidney function is normal the usual protein intake should not be modified. However, protein intake above 20% of total daily calories could accelerate the development of kidney disease
Fat
Diabetes as well as obesity is associated with heart disease and stroke. Thus reduction of fat in the diet is very important. A person with diabetes needs to choose foods with low saturated fats and take foods containing polyunsaturated fats occasionally and foods high in monounsaturated fats more often.
Saturated fats are found in meats, lard, high-fat dairy products, coconut, palm oil etc. These oils are usually solid at room temperatures and are responsible for high low density lipoprotein (LDL) and cholesterol levels.
Trans fats in addition also lower HDL the good cholesterol. Foods containing trans fats include margarine, peanut butter, shortening, cookies etc.
Polyunsaturated fats are healthy for the heart. They can lower cholesterol levels when eaten in moderation. Polyunsaturated fats are found in vegetable oils such as corn, soybean, safflower oil, and fatty fish such as salmon, mackerel, herring, and trout.
Fibre
Fibres are recommended at levels of at least 14 grams for every 1000 calories, or 25 grams for adult women and 38 grams for adult men. Of this 10 to 25 g/day should come from soluble fibre sources. Good sources of soluble fibres include oats, fruits, vegetables, rice bran, cooked beans and psyllium seeds.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are one of the most ยูฟ่าเบท important sources of energy. They are found in breads, rice, gains, cereals, fruits and starches. Carbohydrates are broken down to glucose that provides fuel for the body.
Carbohydrates raise blood glucose levels. This means the carbohydrates need to be balanced in diabetic individuals with insulin, medications, and physical activity. While carbohydrates are regulated calories are recommended in moderation. According to Dietary Guidelines for Americans, moderation is the key.